Relationship Between Friendship And Friendship - 985 Words

We hear the word â€Å"friendship† being tossed around daily, between family, friends, social media, etc. People just say the word without thinking what it really refers to, but does everyone really understand what the word â€Å"friendship† means? People believe that the word â€Å"friendship† is just used to describe a friend or a bigger group of friends, but in reality it actually means a lot more. I believe that it is important to know what the word â€Å"friendship† really means. Not everyone is going to have the same definition, because â€Å"friendship† can have a variety of definitions. It all depends on how one feels about â€Å"friendship† and who or what they associate it with. It’s important to define this word because this word has a very powerful meaning†¦show more content†¦I have my own definition for the word â€Å"friendship† based off my own experiences with people. Luckily, I don’t have anythi ng bad associated with friendship. â€Å"Friendship† is very important to me, because it means a lot. â€Å"Friendship† to me, means having someone that I know will always be there for me. It means having a shoulder to cry on if I ever need it. I think it is important to have a friend that listens to you and that understands. Also, it’s important that they keep all your secrets even if you don’t tell them they have to. Having a friend that is down to go on adventures all the time is extremely important to me, because I love to explore. â€Å"Friendship† requires a lot of honesty and trust for me. I want to be able to trust my friends and I hope they are always honest with me. Comfort is a huge thing to have in â€Å"friendships,† because I want to be able to feel comfortable around my friends. I love being able to turn to my friends when things are rough, knowing that they’ll be able to make me feel better. â€Å"Friendship† is sitting in the back of a room in the corner, all by ourselves but still laughing and smiling. To me, â€Å"friendship† means everything. It doesn’t just mean being friends with someone, it means a lot more. A lot of people question why â€Å"friendship† is so important. It is very important to have real friends. I believe that friendship is important because everyone needs someone they canShow MoreRelatedRelationship Between Friendship And Friendship1766 Words   |  8 Pagesrelations have been more successful when they have developed a friendship with their companion. Laura VanderDrift from Purdue University, says, â€Å"Romantic relationships are, at their core, friendships† (Hodgekiss). Friendship is about supporting someone through thick and thin and attending events that are important to them. Friends are there to lend a helping hand or a shoulder to cry on in times of need. In addition to support, building a friendship with the partner could be the glue that holds the coupleRead MoreRelationship Between Friendship And Friendship1331 Words   |  6 Pageswhat friendship is and you’re sure to get different answers. Some may claim that the quality of any friendship depends on how long you have known each other; others may advocate that it has something to do with what the other person has done for them in the years that they have known each other. If you had asked me a few years ago what I thought friendship meant, I probably would have given you a definition similar to the ones that I mentioned. However, I have come to realize that friendship is aboutRead MoreRelationship Between Friendship And Friendship822 Words   |  4 PagesFriendship is a relationship where all of the members are aware of and value each other’s well-being. It is a companionship, which is a reciprocated caring that comes with time together that is spent doing a common interest. Its social value, in both the general and specific sense, is often times questioned. So, specifically, what is the value of friendship for an individual? An individual with friends grows in self-knowledge. Because of the nature of friendship, people can learn about themselvesRead MoreRelationship Between Friendship And Friendship993 Words   |  4 PagesFriendship is a valuable relationship that any person can create by themselves. Even though it is not as important as a genetic relationship like that family it is still as import. Friendship is an important value in everyday life, because having friends teaches us how to forgive, laugh, and trust one another. We do not make friends because of how useful they are. And when that relationship grows, it has a variety of benefits. There are certain events that can only be shared with our closest friendsRead MoreRelationship Between Love And Friendship Essay1914 Words   |  8 PagesWhen discussing love, people generally think about the love between a husband and wife, or the love between a coup le in a romantic partnership, and that is one type of love that I will be discussing. In addition to romantic love, there are other types of love also. There is the love we have for our children, our families, and also the love that we have for our friends. All of these types of love share some of the same attributes, however, they have differences also. In reading and researching differentRead MoreThe Relationship Between A Platonic Friendship1712 Words   |  7 PagesReactions in Relations Context is defined as, â€Å"Everything that affects a relationship outside of the couple and their interactions; includes side of couple and their interactions; includes physical, social, cultural, and historical elements† (Ch.11 Bradbury, T. N. Karney, B. R. (2014). In relation to intimate relationships, these interactions can have a greater impact on the relationship than a platonic friendship. The Bradbury and Karney describes the implementation of these ideals by focusingRead MoreRelationship Between Friendship Quality And The Amount Of Time1420 Words   |  6 PagesFriendship quality in connection to time spent with romantic partner Humans are naturally a social species (Furman, 1999). People engage in different types of relationships throughout their entire lives. Certain relationships are lifelong, others maybe just a day or even a few seconds. Among those longer lasting relationships, are friendships and romantic relationships. Nearly all people can relate to both at some point in life, however, do the two ever intermix? Based upon personal experience,Read MoreRelationship Between Friendship And Mutual Interests, Aids, And Benefits Essay1372 Words   |  6 PagesFriendship is a special type of relationship and plays an important role in people’s daily life. Friendships satisfy people’s need to belong (Mattingly, Oswald, Clark, 2011). The definitions of friendship vary in different situations. For example, in business, friends are trading partners; while in politics, friends are considered to be the supporters for certain politicians as well as political alliances (Hruschka, 2010, p.4). Th e friendship that I will discuss in this paper is more like companionshipRead MoreRelationship Between Female Friendships And Their Influence On Martial Ties Essay1337 Words   |  6 PagesTo understand the value of relationships in Shakespeare’s works, it is imperative to first understand the dynamic of male-to-male friendships and their influence on martial ties. During the Elizabethan era, male-to-male relations were far different than they are in our current day and time. During that period, relationships were centered heavily on the societal place an individual held. This ensured that one could only be a legitimate friend with someone if they were of the same sex and the sameRead MoreFriendship : The State Of Being Friends929 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Friendship... is not something you learn in school. But if you haven t learned the meaning of friendship, you really haven t learned anything.† This quote by Muhammad Ali describes the importance of friendship for an individual’s life. The meaning of friendship varies to every person in the world. Strong friendships create a healthy, positive relationship between two people. Compared to weak friendships, that fall apart and hurt others. The Webster definition of friendship is, â€Å"the state of being

Medical And Social Disability Models Free Essays

string(83) " is currently at the heart of the mental health policy and practice \(Roberts, et\." INTRODUCTION The traditional focus on individual impairment has been broadened by the modern concepts of disability to one that recognizes that the effect of impairment is not only dependent on the underlying condition, but is also dependent on the social and environmental factors (RACGP 2007). Therefore, impairment does not necessarily imply that one is disabled or handicapped by it. There are three main types of disabilities Physical disability Intellectual disability Developmental disability In this analysis we will focus on intellectual disability with particular emphasis on the impact of medical and social models on people with intellectual disabilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Medical And Social Disability Models or any similar topic only for you Order Now INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY An individual is considered mentally retarded or intellectually disabled based on the following criteria: Where the individual has an intellectual functioning level (IQ) that is below 70 (Carlson 2010). Where significant limitations exist in at least two of the adaptive skill areas (Carlson 2010). Mental retardation manifests itself before attaining the age of 18 (Carlson 2010). IMPACT OF MEDICAL AND SOCIAL MODELS ON PEOPLE WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES Traditionally, explanations for disability were based on the medical model which views disability as a particular trait in an individual departing from the norm (Harris 2010). There is no doubt that the medical model has significantly impacted on persons with intellectual disability. As pointed out by many theorists, this model is primarily responsible for numerous beliefs and practices surrounding people with intellectual disability. The view that intellectual disability is objectively abnormal and undesirable has given rise to a large number of related assumptions including the view that disability is objectively bad, is a personal tragedy and thus something to be pitied, prevented and if possible, cured (Harris 2010). This notion perhaps explains many of the practices associated with it including institutionalization, involuntary sterilization, forced rehabilitation, euthanasia, social marginalization and even â€Å"mercy killing†(Harris 2010). In this regard, euthanasia refers to the medically assisted suicide whereby the individual with intellectual disability is subjected to death with the intention of putting an end to his/her suffering (Anon 2006). Since the medical model often falls short of providing a truly assisted living and instead proposing medically assisted suicide, its associated impacts on those with intellectual disability has been heavily criticized with many of the view that sanctity of life is paramount (Anon 2006). Indeed, the freedom of bodily autonomy and personal choice is fundamental freedom to every individual regardless of the disability. Aside from the medically assisted suicide, there is the aspect of forced sterilization. The most famous case of this involuntary sterilization was that of a woman in Virginia known by the name Carrie Bell who underwent a compulsory sterilization after having been alleged to be mentally retarded (Russel 2006). Carrie Bell became the first woman to undergo a compulsory sterilization in Virginia after the Supreme Court affirmed the compulsory sterilization law (Russel 2006). People with intellectual disability should however not be treated with such an invasive and irreversible procedure. The right to bodily integrity and reproduction are fundamental to personal identity regardless of disability. Also, persons with intellectual disabilities tend to be more often isolated and institutionalized either in a nursing home, hospital or care home. Such institutionalization denies them their basic right to freedom, citizenship and participation in the community. Supporting this view, Samuel Gridley Howe, founder of the Perkins Institution in Boston (the first residential institution for people with mental disabilities), rejected the trend towards lifelong institutionalization of persons with intellectual disability and instead proposed that they be stimulated by being absorbed back into the community among sound and typically developing persons, as opposed to their segregation away from the rest of the society (Carlson 2010). With the onset of the social model, there has been a shift in emphasis away from pathologising the individual to stressing on restrictive environments and societal attitudes (Harris 2010). This model views disability as a consequence of the environmental and societal attitudes that hinders people with impairments from interacting and participating in the society (Harris 2010). The model maintains that persons with disabilities are prevented from participating in the society due to social inequalities, discrimination, barriers to opportunities, insufficient support systems, prejudices and negative stereotypes, and general societal attitudes (Harris 2010). The possibility that mental health problems may be derived from social injustice such as negative stereotypes, social inequality, discrimination and oppression among others is not widely recognized (Harris 2010). It is a fact, however, that people with intellectual disability are more likely to experience such injustice and oppression as a direct consequence of their impairments (Harris 2010). They can experience a vicious circle of isolation, unemployment, poverty, scarce social and support networks as well as insecure housing among others. With the above in mind, it is worth examining some of the non-discriminatory and anti-oppressive practices that may be employed by social workers in their contribution to mental health services. NON-DISCRIMINATORY AND ANTI-OPPRESSIVE PRACTICES Initially, most of the mental health institutions in the UK, did not meet the needs of some people while others were overrepresented in the more coercive areas such as compulsion and detention (Roberts, et. al., 2008). However, with the enactment of the Provisions of 2007 Mental Health Act, concerns about the diminishing contribution of social workers to mental health services have been brought to light. Emphasis is now placed on professional collaboration and integration with the training of social workers, which has become the key to providing critical perspectives (Roberts, et. al., 2008). PROFESSIONAL COLLABORATION AND INTEGRATION The widespread adoption of non-discriminatory and anti-oppressive approaches in social work and education has heightened the professional awareness and understanding of issues such as social exclusion, oppression, stigma and stereotypes (Roberts, et. al., 2008). Moreover, social workers have become more aware of their own potential oppression towards individuals with intellectual disability (Roberts, et. al., 2008). In this respect, the National Institute for Mental Health in England has reviewed the roles of a range of mental health practitioners and identified distinctive contributions from the different professions. Value based practice that involves working with this diversity has been developed and is currently at the heart of the mental health policy and practice (Roberts, et. You read "Medical And Social Disability Models" in category "Essay examples" al., 2008). DEVELOPING SUPPORTIVE NETWORKS AND REDUCING ISOLATION Social workers have a key role to play in developing supportive networks for those with intellectual disability and reducing their marginalization and discrimination in the society. Providing therapeutic emotional support and group work approaches to service provision as well as promoting development of practical skills demonstrates the value of networking and mutual support to those with intellectual disability (Roberts, et. al., 2008). For example, a study based in Northern Ireland assessed some of the benefits of therapeutic group work on children with intellectual disability (Roberts, et. al., 2008). The study identified improvements in children’s self-esteem and confidence, improved social interaction and improvements in their academic achievement as well (Roberts, et. al., 2008). EQUALITY AND SOCIAL INCLUSION It is a fact that disability is often associated with all kinds of discrimination including discrimination in terms of employment and education. In terms of employment, people with mental disabilities are often considered as a hazard and are seen as having potentially greater risk of falling ill (Lago Smith 2010). In terms of education, the view of disability has significantly contributed to separate education for many disabled children. Emphasis has often been placed on corrective treatment for their impairments at the expense of access to mainstream curriculum and contact with other able bodied peers (Lago Smith 2010). Hence, in a number of circumstances, these individuals have been alienated from the society. In demonstrating its commitment to equality and social inclusion of people with mental disabilities, part of the underlying standards of the National Service Framework for Mental Health in the UK is to ensure equality in treatment and access to services for all, regardless of the disabilities, gender, ethnicity, age, religion or sexual orientation (Roberts, et. al., 2008). This aims at promoting social inclusion whilst addressing discrimination issues which are often associated with mental ill-health. PROMOTING INDEPENDENCE AND SELF-DIRECTED SUPPORT Equally important is the promotion of independence and self-directed support to individuals with mental disabilities. In this context, Independence involves giving those with disabilities absolute control over the services and systems that support them (Adams et al, 2002). Key to this is the need to firmly place the principle of independent living within the support systems and at the centre of mainstream public life (Adams et al, 2002). Support services are essential to ensure the independence of these individuals. These services range from access to equipment, health services, personal assistance, independent information, to support from peers and advocates (Adams et al, 2002). In order to achieve this goal, a number of organizations have been developed in the UK. The Self-Directed Support Scotland (SDSS) is one such organization which actively promotes independent living for the disabled by working alongside other organizations with the aim of supporting and championing self-directed support to the mentally disabled individuals (Adams et al, 2002). Independence may as well be promoted with the use of a person centred approach to planning, which focuses on individuality and emphasizes on the importance of independence and autonomy. VALUES UNDERPINNING PERSON-CENTERED APPROACH Traditionally, people with intellectual disability have had little input into the design and delivery of services that they receive (Towell Sanderson 2004). There is however a growing body of evidence of a change in service provision towards a more person centered approach. Person centered approach refers to an approach that enables people to take a lead in planning all aspects of how social care services that they receive are delivered (Mansell and Beadle-Brown, 2004a). Professional services provided to people with disabilities have traditionally been based on the person’s impairment (Smull Lakin 2002). Professional efforts have tended to channel services to these individuals according to the category of their impairments such as sensory impairment, learning difficulty or loss of mobility (Smull Lakin 2002). This has led to a process of assessment that analyzes and quantifies the impairment and its impact based on the ability to undertake a range of tasks (Smull Lakin 2002). The most serious consequence associated with such an assessment is that the participation of such people in ordinary community life is then seen to be dependent on their success in achieving these goals (Dowling, et.al, 2006). Person centred planning challenges this notion of â€Å"dependence†. It goes beyond the â€Å"needs led† or â€Å"holistic† assessment and considers a person’s aspirations as neither limited by entitlement to neither services nor dependent upon professional development (Dowling, et.al, 2006). It is concerned with the whole of someone’s life, not just their need for services. In this regard, person-centred planning is high on the national policy agenda in the UK (DADHC 2009). The main principles and values underpinning person centred planning include: Independence; – as pointed above, a person centred planning goes beyond the â€Å"needs led† approach and considers a person’s aspirations as neither limited by entitlement to neither services nor dependent upon professional development (DADHC 2009). Equality: – Person centred planning challenges the unequal power structures that have long characterized the relationship between the users and their service providers (DADHC 2009). In this regard, Sanderson al (2002) suggested that organizations need to operate from a position where they have â€Å"power with† service users as opposed to that where they have â€Å"power over† them. Inclusion: – person’s centred planning seeks to develop a better and shared understanding of the person with the disability and identify the person’s aspirations and assess what support him/her might require (DADHC 2009). Choice: – the person must be consulted throughout the planning process and he/she chooses the setting and timing of meetings as well as who is to be involved in the process (DADHC 2009). In this regard, Sanderson (2000) considers friends and family as a part of the planning process. However, the ultimate decision lies with the service user. IMPORTANCE OF PERSON CENTRED PLANNING IN CARE DELIVERY Its importance in care delivery includes (Sanderson 2000); Helping people achieve their aspirations Clarifying the supports needed to pursue these aspirations Help shape contributions from a range of service agencies by ensuring that they are directed at meeting the goals of the user. Energizes and motivates people based on their understanding and commitment to supporting people with disabilities. CONCLUSION There is no doubt that the medical and social model has significantly impacted on persons with intellectual disability. Clearly, we have identified several practices associated with disabilities including institutionalization, involuntary sterilization, forced rehabilitation, euthanasia, social marginalization and even â€Å"mercy killing†. There is need for social workers to ensure non-discriminatory and anti-oppressive practices in their association with those with intellectual disabilities. A person-centred planning is equally essential in the delivery of care services to people with mental disabilities. REFERENCE Adams, et al., 2002. Anti-Oppressive Practice, Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan Ltd: 227–236. Anon, 2006. â€Å"Eugenics, euthanasia, and physician assisted suicide: an overview for rehabilitation professionals†. Journal of Rehabilitation Carlson, L., 2010. The faces of intellectual disability. Bloomington: Indiana University press Department of Ageing, Disability Home Care (DADHC), 2009. Exploring and implementing person centred approaches. Sydney, Melbourne: Australian Catholic University press. http://www.adhc.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/file/0005/228290/DADHC_PersonCentred201208.pdf {Accessed 20th January 2012} Dowling, et.al, 2006. Person-centred planning in social care, London: Joseph Rowntree Foundation. Available from http://www.jrf.org.uk/system/files/9781859354803.pdf { Accessed 23rd January 2012} Harris, J.C., 2010. Intellectual disability: a guide for families and professionals. Oxford. Oxford University Press. Lago, C. and B. Smith, 2010. Ethical practice and Best practice. http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/35379_01_Lago__Smith_2e_Ch_01.pdf { Accessed 23rd January 2012} Mansell, J. and J. Beadle-Brown, 2004a. â€Å"Person-centred planning or person-centred actionPolicy and practice in intellectual disability services†, Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 1–9 Roberts, et.al, 2008. SCIE Research briefing 26: mental health and social work. http://www.scie.org.uk/publications/briefings/briefing26/ { Accessed 25th January 2012} Russell, P., 2006. Sterilization of intellectually disabled minors Sanderson, H., 2000. PCP: Key Features and Approaches. Retrieved August 25, from http://www.helensandersonassociates.co.uk/PDFs/PCP%20Key%20Features%20and%20Styles.pdf {accessed 25th January 2012} Sanderson, H., E. Jones and K. Brown, 2002. â€Å"Active support and person-centred planning: strange bedfellows or ideal partners?† Tizard Learning Disability Review, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 31–8 Smull , M. and K.C. Lakin, 2002. â€Å"Public Policy and Person-Centered Planning†. In Holburn, S., Vietz, P.M., (Eds.) Person Centered Planning: Research, Practice, and Future Directions. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes The Royal Australian College of General Practictioners (RACGP), 2007. Disability. Available from http://www.racgp.org.au/scriptcontent/curriculum/pdf/disability.pdf {accessed on 20th January 2012} Towell, D. and H. Sanderson, 2004. â€Å"PCP in its Strategic Context: Reframing the Mansell/ Beadle-Brown Critique†. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 17, 17-21 Trevithick, P., 2000. Social work skills: A practical handbook. Buckingham, Philadelphia: Open University Press. How to cite Medical And Social Disability Models, Essay examples

It is Time for Punishment free essay sample

Ever since the paddle was removed from the list of legal punishments in public schools, they have started using detention. This requires a student to take time out of his/her day and spend it isolated in a classroom. The question for many in charge of discipline is, â€Å"When is the best time to have detention?† Schools have tried in school suspension, after school detention, and lunch detention to varying degrees of success. A more successful strategy would be to have students serve detention on Saturdays. A teenager’s favorite day of the week is Saturday. On Saturday, students go to ball games, the movies, dates etc†¦ Most schools hold detention during a regular school day, where the student leaves classes and goes to sit in another classroom. Many students call this punishment time â€Å"sleep time.† They get out of class for a period of time and in many cases just sits in detention for an hour or so. We will write a custom essay sample on It is Time for Punishment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If schools started having detention on Saturday, the students would miss this free time. Instead of the student going to a party or other activities, they would have to go to school and serve detention. Research shows that detention on Saturdays is most effective. Parents can sometimes be a child’s worst enemy in life, so, when school disciplinarians bring parents into the equation, the student gets punished at home and at school. If a student has to serve detention on Saturday, not only does the student have to give up part of his/her day, but the parents may also have to give up their time to take the student to school. Saturday detention also interferes with family trips to the lake, beach, Dollywood†¦ After multiple offenses, the adult, will eventually get tired of losing their Saturday and start punishing their child at home as well. After five days of waking up early, we students have one day to sleep in, assuming that we go to church on Sunday. Saturday finally comes, and we get to sleep in. Now, if schools begin to have detention on Saturdays then there goes the extra sleep-in time. When teenagers are deprived of their only extra sleep time, then they begin to think about whether or not getting in trouble is worth it or not. By having detention on Saturdays, students will lose their extra sleep, their free day, and will upset their parents by making them take time out of their day to take them to school. This is a very effective punishment and should be put in place as soon as possible. Would you want to lose your Saturday?